History Of The Apricot Fruit Prunus Armeniaca L. And Flowering Apricot Trees Prunus Mume

Apricots originated on the Russian-Chinese bordernational market for flowering trees, Prunus mume,
in about 3000 BC and were imported along withhas rapidly developed, because of the abundant
peach seed into Europe through the "Silk Road"white, pink, or red flowers that can appear as
that extended camelback trading to the Mideast.early as the winter in some in some areas of the
The fruit grows as an escaped naturalized plantUnited States. The trees should be planted for
along modern roadsides in Turkey and Armeniagrowing, 20 to 25 feet apart, further apart than
today in abundant numbers. Apricots were knownpeach trees.
in ancient Greece in 60 BC and later introducedA number of flowering apricot trees, Prunus
into the Roman Empire. The apricot trees aremume, are available commercially, the
believed to have arrived in the early American‘Matsubara Red' that blooms in late winter
colonies in seed form for growing into fruit treeswith double dark-red apricot flowers; ‘Peggy
by the French explorers of the 1700's in GulfClarke' early rose red flowering in spring;
regions and in the Eastern United States and at‘Rosemary Clarke,' flowering white in early
California monasteries by Spanish explorers andspring and Weeping Apricot ‘W.B. Clarke' pink
missionaries.flowering in January.
The apricot, Prunus armeniaca L., has a distinctiveThe fruit of the apricot is round with a prominent
taste and no other fruit has a flavor to match it.rib on the side, varying in color from yellow to
Fresh apricots picked directly from the trees areorange, and a reddish random overlay. The pulp is
delicious, if a person is fortunate enough to liveusually yellow, but some apricot cultivars may be
close to an apricot tree orchard. Canners of thewhite. A large grafted apricot tree may bear a
apricot fruit have supplied national markets reliablyfew fruits the first year, but most trees begin to
with tasty tree-ripened apricots. The mostbear when two years old. Some orchadists thin
important market for apricot fruit developed fromout the apricot fruits to every six inches to
the exceptional quality, when the aromatic apricotincrease the individual fruit size, and harvesting
is dried.mature apricot trees, begins in May and concludes
The apricot tree is beautiful in the landscape andin July.
can grow to a large size and to a great age, asThe apricot fruit has a short shelf-life in grocery
the massive root system extends in giant growthstores of 1 to 2 weeks, and the healthy benefits
explosions each year, growing further from theof apricots are many—from Vitamin A, Vitamin
trunk. The apricot tree is very healthy andB1, Vitamin B2, Vitamin C, Niacin, to the minerals
vigorous and appears to be resistant to mostPhosphorus, Potassium, Calcium, and Iron. The
disease and insect problems, as it produces moremost important cultivars of apricots are Blenheim
and more substantial crops of fruit each year as(Royal), Tilton, Perfection, Moorpark, and Early
the tree matures. The apricot tree can be grownGolden. California grows 94% of the United
in extensive areas of the Eastern and CentralStates apricots and Turkey grows 21% of the
United States and were well northward; however,world commercial supply.
the cold hardiness of the tree itself is verifiable,Luther Burbank, the famous botanist and plant
but early frosts can damage the fruit.hybridizer wrote in his book Fruit Improvement in
Eating the pits of apricots has become a121 a chapter that discussed the hybridization of
controversial topic in national health debates andplumcot, a cross between the apricot Prunus
law enforcement. Various groups have promotedarmeniaca and the Plum Prunus.
an extract, laetrile, of almond pits as being aSeveral hybrids resulted from these crosses that
cancer cure; however, a number of people havecontained the blending of the general
died from the deadly poison, cyanide, including thecharacteristics of both fruits. Some hybrids
famous actor Steve McQueen. The Americanoffspring had characteristics directed more
Cancer Society states that the cure won't work,toward the apricot fruit, and other hybrids were
and the selling of these substances has beeninclined toward the plum parent. Several
declared illegal, and some of the advocates were"plumcots" have been made available to the
arrested and jailed. Other promoters of thesebackyard gardener market that demonstrate
products have fled to Mexico to promote thegreat cold hardiness, juiciness, and a rich, sweet
toxins there by mailorder and personalflavor.
appointments.Recent hybrids of apricots have appread, the
Apricot trees normally are reduced in height to 12"aprium" that is 75% apricot and 25% plum; the
feet by pruning, but the trees can grow to 45"pluot" that is 75% plum and 25% apricot, and the
feet at maturity. The apricot trees are best"plumcot" that is 50% of each parent.
known as fruit producing trees, but a recent